Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are related but distinct fields. AI is a broad field that encompasses a wide range of techniques and technologies, while ML is a specific subset of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms and models that enable computers to learn from data.
AI is the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. It involves the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that would typically require human intelligence, such as understanding natural language, recognizing images, and making decisions. AI can be classified into two main categories: rule-based and self-learning. Rule-based AI systems use a set of predefined rules and logic to perform tasks, while self-learning AI systems use techniques such as machine learning to improve their performance over time.
Machine learning (ML) is a subset of AI that enables computers to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. ML is based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention. It uses algorithms and statistical models to analyze data, learn from that data, and then make a prediction or take a decision without being explicitly programmed to perform the task.
ML can be classified into three main categories: supervised learning, unsupervised learning and reinforcement learning. Supervised learning requires labeled data and a clear target, it builds a model from labeled data and uses it to predict the label of new data. Unsupervised learning does not require labeled data and it focuses on finding patterns in data. Reinforcement learning is about learning from feedback and rewards, using trial and error to learn a task.
On the other hand, Machine learning (ML) is a specific subfield of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms and statistical models that enable systems to learn from data. Machine learning algorithms can be trained on historical data to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to perform a specific task. Machine learning is a way to achieve AI, it is not AI itself.
In summary, AI is a broader field that encompasses many different techniques and technologies, while machine learning is a specific technique within AI that is focused on training systems to learn from data. Machine learning is a key enabling technology for many AI applications, but it is not the only one. AI can also include rule-based systems and other techniques such as evolutionary computation, swarm intelligence, and more.